Killer Algae (Caulerpa taxifolia)

Killer algae

Caulerpa taxifolia the Mediterranean strain also known as "killer algae" got its name because of its destructive effect on the Mediterranean coast. This algae usually grows in tropical waters and is native to the Indian ocean. It got from the Indian ocean to the Mediterranean sea in different ways.

                                       Map showing location of Mediterranean an Indian ocean    

Aquariums often collected and bred this strain of algae for display and was often accidentally dumped in the waters, it also came in the ballast water of ships coming from the Indian ocean. The first discovery of Caulerpa taxifolia covered 1 square meter of coastline and people ignored it. Over time the algae gained resistance to cold temperatures and by 2000, the algae covered over 131 square kilometers of coastline in France, Italy, Spain, Monaco, and Croatia. It is invasive because its continuous spread is causing ecological and economic harm. This strain of Caulerpa taxifolia overgrows the natural flora an fauna leading to a loss of key species. Also the blanket of algae have cause reduced fishing and tourism in many communities. It also appeared in Southern California and near Sydney Australia. The governments in California and New South Wales started eradicating the "killer algae" before it spread. Millions of dollars have been spent on treating the algae with chemicals. They also limited accidental spread by banning swimming, boating and windsurfing in infested water bodies.